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Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1911–1924, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.181
Graphical Abstract
Scheme 1: The transesterification of diethyl oxalate (DEO) with phenol catalyzed by MoO3/SiO2.
Scheme 2: Transesterification of a triglyceride (TG) with DMC for biodiesel production using KOH as the base ...
Scheme 3: Top: Green methylation of phosphines and amines by dimethyl carbonate (Q = N, P). Bottom: anion met...
Figure 1: Structures of some representative SILs and PILs systems. MCF is a silica-based mesostructured mater...
Scheme 4: Synthesis of the acid polymeric IL. EGDMA: ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.
Scheme 5: The transesterification of sec-butyl acetate with MeOH catalyzed by some acidic imidazolium ILs.
Figure 2: Representative examples of ionic liquids for biodiesel production.
Scheme 6: Top: phosgenation of methanol; middle: EniChem and Ube processes; bottom: Asahi process for the pro...
Scheme 7: The transesterification in the synthesis of organic carbonates.
Scheme 8: The transesterification of DMC with alcohols and diols.
Scheme 9: Transesterification of glycerol with DMC in the presence of 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-2-carboxy...
Scheme 10: Synthesis of the BMIM-2-CO2 catalyst from butylimidazole and DMC.
Scheme 11: Plausible cooperative (nucleophilic–electrophilic) mechanism for the transesterification of glycero...
Scheme 12: Synthesis of diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene-based ionic liquids.
Scheme 13: Synthesis of the DABCO–DMC ionic liquid.
Scheme 14: Cooperative mechanism of ionic liquid-catalyzed glycidol production.
Scheme 15: [TMA][OH]-catalyzed synthesis of glycidol (GD) from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate [46].
Scheme 16: [BMIM]OH-catalyzed synthesis of DPC from DMC and 1-pentanol.
Figure 3: Representative examples of ionic liquids for biodiesel production.
Figure 4: Acyclic non-symmetrical organic carbonates synthetized with 1-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl-3-methylimida...
Scheme 17: A simplified reaction mechanism for DMC production.
Scheme 18: [P8881][MeOCO2] metathesis with acetic acid and phenol.
Figure 5: Examples of carbonates obtained through transesterification using phosphonium salts as catalysts.
Scheme 19: Examples of carbonates obtained from different bio-based diols using [P8881][CH3OCO2] as catalyst.
Scheme 20: Ambiphilic catalysis for transesterification reactions in the presence of carbonate phosphonium sal...